Development of an automated system for the efficient management of demineralized water pumping in a water treatment plant
Palabras clave:
Sistema automatizado, Planta de tratamiento, PI, PID, Operación, ControlResumen
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0283
Resumen
Este análisis aborda la creación de un sistema automatizado para gestionar eficazmente el bombeo de agua desmineralizada en una planta de tratamiento, con el objetivo de superar las deficiencias de un sistema manual que causa pérdidas de eficiencia y riesgos operativos. Esta propuesta contempla la implementación de sensores de nivel y presión, reguladores de frecuencia, controladores lógicos programables (PLC) y una interfaz SCADA, lo que facilita la monitorización en tiempo real y una operación más sostenible. Además, la simulación del sistema se realiza en MATLAB/Simulink, utilizando modelos de control PI y PID para contrastar su rendimiento. Se examinaron perturbaciones como fallos de bombas, inyecciones imprevistas y fugas simuladas para evaluar la reacción del sistema automatizado ante situaciones críticas. Finalmente, se demostró que los controladores PI y PID logran una estabilización eficaz del nivel de agua, reduciendo las pérdidas y optimizando el uso de energía. El PID mostró una reacción más precisa, manteniendo la estabilidad incluso ante cambios bruscos.
Palabras clave: Sistema automatizado, Planta de tratamiento, PI, PID, Operación, Control.
Abstract
This analysis deals with the creation of an automated system to effectively manage the pumping of demineralized water in a treatment plant, with the objective of overcoming the shortcomings of a manual system that causes efficiency losses and risks in operations. This proposal contemplates the implementation of level and pressure sensors, frequency regulators, programmable logic controllers (PLC) and a SCADA interface, facilitating real-time monitoring and a more sustainable operation. In addition, the system simulation is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink, using PI and PID control models to contrast its performance. Disturbances such as pump failures, unanticipated injections and simulated leaks were examined to assess the reaction of the automated system to critical situations. Finally, it was proved that the PI and PID controllers achieve an effective stabilization of the water level, reducing losses and optimizing the use of energy. The PID showed a more accurate reaction, preserving stability even in the face of abrupt changes.
Keywords: Automated system, Treatment plant, PI, PID, Operation, Control.
Información del manuscrito:
Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2025.
Fecha de aceptación: 27 de junio de 2025.
Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2025.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica INGENIAR: Ingeniería, Tecnología e Investigación. ISSN: 2737-6249.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
