Avances y perspectivas en el uso de fibras naturales y sintéticas para el diseño de hormigones autorreparables
Palabras clave:
Hormigón autocompactante, hormigón aligerado, material de aligeramiento, fibras orgánicas, resistencia a compresión, resistencia tracción indirectaResumen
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0310
Resumen
Este trabajo de investigación se basa en la revisión bibliográfica de artículos de alto impacto publicados en los últimos años en bases de datos como Scopus y ScienceDirect, con la finalidad de encontrar los hallazgos más recientes referentes al desarrollo del uso de fibras naturales y sintéticas como compuestos que aporten capacidad autorreparativa al hormigón. Los artículos fueron filtrados con el uso de la herramienta Connected Papers. El análisis de la literatura permitió identificar las características distintivas de cada tipo de fibra y contrastar su influencia en las propiedades mecánicas del hormigón. A partir de una investigación cualitativa basada en la recopilación de resultados de diversos estudios comparativos entre muestras de control y mezclas con fibras evaluadas tras procesos de reparación de fisuras, se evidenció que la incorporación de fibras contribuye de manera significativa a la durabilidad y a la capacidad autorreparadora del material. Este estudio busca ampliar el conocimiento sobre el empleo de fibras como estrategia para prolongar la vida útil del hormigón, preservar sus propiedades estructurales y reducir los costos asociados a su mantenimiento.
Palabras clave: Hormigón autocompactante, hormigón aligerado, material de aligeramiento, fibras orgánicas, resistencia a compresión, resistencia tracción indirecta.
Abstract
This research is based on a literature review of high-impact articles published in recent years in databases such as Scopus and ScienceDirect, with the aim of identifying the most recent findings regarding the development of the use of natural and synthetic fibers as compounds that provide self-healing capacity to concrete. The articles were filtered using the Connected Papers tool. The literature analysis allowed for the identification of the distinctive characteristics of each type of fiber and a comparison of their influence on the mechanical properties of concrete. Through qualitative research based on the compilation of results from various comparative studies between control samples and fiber-infused mixtures evaluated after crack repair processes, it was demonstrated that the incorporation of fibers significantly contributes to the durability and self-healing capacity of the material. This study seeks to expand knowledge on the use of fibers as a strategy to extend the service life of concrete, preserve its structural properties, and reduce the costs associated with its maintenance.
Keywords: Self-compacting concrete, lightweight concrete, lightweighting material, organic fibers, compressive strength, indirect tensile strength.
Información del manuscrito:
Fecha de recepción: 18 de agosto de 2025.
Fecha de aceptación: 25 de octubre de 2025.
Fecha de publicación: 18 de diciembre de 2025.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Científica INGENIAR: Ingeniería, Tecnología e Investigación. ISSN: 2737-6249.
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